Atherosclerosis is the major cause of heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease – together called as “cardiovascular disease”. Atherosclerosis derives its name from the Greek word “athero”, meaning gruel, which refers to the deposition within the arterial walls, and “sclerosis” which means hardening. Three commonly adopted methods for quantification of atherosclerosis are: (a) Coronary calcification assessed by electron-beam CT; (b) ultrasound measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) (1), and (c) measurement of carotid wall thickness by MRI. Quantification of calcified coronary artery (2, 3) is equally important as characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. The reason being that cardiac risk factors and insulin resistance results in coronary artery calcium progression.